ABOUT FAMILY PRESENCE

"End-of-life Models and Emergency Department Care"
(2004) Academic Emergency Medicine
ED culture and end-of-life models are presented. Discusses the lack of care for family emotional and psychological needs.

"End-of-life and Palliative Care in the Emergency Department: A Call for Research, Education, Policy and Improved Proactive in this Frontier Area"
(2006) JEN
This article reviews findings from several organizations and their belief of protocol related to family presence. Clarification of terms regarding end-of-life and a focus on the importance of family presence and their culture are explored.

"Family Presence: Evidence Versus Tradition"
(2003) AJCC
This article presents an overview of the issue of family presence. The common arguments against family presence and reasons to support it are discussed.

"Terminally Ill Patients in the Emergency Department: A Practical Overview of End-of-Life Issues"
(2002) JEN
This article provides an in-depth look at the practice of end-of-life care. Various aspects are discussed including cultural and religious practices. Strategies to integrate family wishes and nursing interventions are presented.